The Model Context Protocol (MCP) is an open standard released by Anthropic in November 2024. An MCP server exposes tools — and sometimes read-only resources — each with a name, a description, and parameters, that an AI agent reads, picks, and calls directly inside a conversation.
It's like a REST API, but the consumer is not a developer, it's a LLM. A classic API expects specific calls and parameters. An MCP server lets the AI read the list of tools and decide which one to invoke based on what the user asks.
Your data becomes cited and your users can consume you from Claude, ChatGPT (Codex), Cursor without ever opening your app.
Essential vocabulary
- Host
- The AI application that talks to the user: Claude, ChatGPT (Codex), Cursor.
- Client
- The component that speaks directly to the MCP server, often integrated into the host app.
- Server
- What we build. It exposes the tools of your product.
- Tools
- The capabilities exposed to the LLM. Each has a name, description, and parameters.
- Resources
- Read-only content exposed to the AI (documentation, catalogs, schemas).